The Judicial Service Commission (the Commission) is an independent agency of the state established under the Constitution of the Republic of Uganda. It is a specialized appointing Commission enjoying broad oversight functions in relation to services delivered to the people by the Judiciary. The mandate and functions of the Commission are defined under Articles 146-151 of the Constitution.

The Membership of the Commission is spelt out under Article 146 of the Constitution. It provides for a nine-member commission. The Chairperson, Deputy Chairperson, and the Members are all appointed by the President with approval of Parliament. In summary, the composition of the Commission is as follows:

* A full time Chairperson who is a person qualified to be appointed as a Justice of the Supreme Court;
* A Deputy Chairperson (part time) who is a person qualified to be appointed as a Justice of the Supreme Court;
* Six Members (part time) whose respective nomination is directly linked to specified stakeholder institutions, viz: the Public Service Commission, the Uganda Law Society, the Judiciary, the public (excluding lawyers).
* The Attorney General as an ex-officio Member of the Commission.
* The Secretary to the Judicial Service Commission is appointed by the President under Article 146 (8) of the Constitution.